LECTURE
IX
The
lectures given so far have led essentially to two questions. One
relates to the objective event connected with the name, Christ Jesus;
to the nature of that impulse which as the Christ-Impulse entered
into human evolution. The other question is: how can an individual
establish his connection with the Christ-Impulse? In other words, how
can the Christ-Impulse become effective for the individual? The
answers to these two questions are of course interrelated. For we
have seen that the Christ-Event is an objective fact of human
Earth-evolution, and that something real, something actual, comes
forth to meet us in the Resurrection. With Christ there rose out of
the grave a kind of seed-kernel for the reconstruction of our human
Phantom. And it is possible for this seed-kernel to incorporate
itself in those individuals who find a connection with the
Christ-Impulse.
That is the
objective side of the relationship of the individual to the
Christ-Impulse. Today we wish to add the subjective side. We will try
to find an answer to the question: ‘How does the individual now
find it possible gradually to take into himself that which comes
forth through the Resurrection of Christ?’
To answer this
question, we must first distinguish between two things. When
Christianity entered into the world as a religion, it was not merely
a religion for those who wished to approach Christ by one or other of
the spiritual paths. It was to be a religion which all men could
accept and make their own. A special occult or esoteric development
was not necessary for finding the way to Christ. We must therefore
fix our attention first on that path to Christ, the exoteric path,
which every soul, every heart, can find in the course of time.
We must then distinguish this path from the esoteric path which right
up to our own time has revealed itself to the soul who desired to
seek the Christ by gaining access to occult powers. We must
distinguish between the path of the physical plane and the path of
the super-sensible worlds.
In hardly any other century has there been such
obscurity concerning the outward, exoteric way to Christ as in the
nineteenth. And this obscurity increased during the second half of
the century. More and more men came to lose the knowledge of the way
to Christ. Those imbued with the thought of today no longer form the
right concepts, such concepts for example as souls even in the
eighteenth century formed on their way to the Christ-Impulse. Even
the first half of the nineteenth century was illumined by a certain
possibility of finding the Christ-Impulse as something real. But for
the most part in the nineteenth century this path to Christ was lost
to men. And we can understand this when we realise that we are
standing at the beginning of a new path to Christ. We have often
spoken of the new way now opening for souls through a renewal of the
Christ-Event. In human evolution it always happens that a kind of low
point must be reached in any trend before a new light comes in once
more. The turning away from the spiritual worlds during the
nineteenth century was only natural in face of the fact that in the
twentieth century a quite new epoch for the spiritual life of men
must begin, in the special sense we have often mentioned.
To those who have
come to know something of Spiritual Science, our Movement often
appears to be something quite new. If, however, we look away from the
enrichment that spiritual endeavours in the West have experienced
recently through the inflow of the concepts of reincarnation and
karma, bound up with the whole teaching of repeated earth lives and
its significance for human evolution, we must say that, in other
respects, ways into the spiritual world, similar to our theosophical
way, are by no means new in Western history. Anyone, however, who
tries to rise into the spiritual world along the present path of
Theosophy will find himself somewhat estranged from the manner in
which Theosophy was cultivated in the eighteenth century. At that
time in this neighbourhood (Baden), and especially in Württemberg,
much Theosophy was studied, but everywhere an illuminated view of the
teaching concerning repeated earth lives was lacking, and thereby a
cloud was cast over the whole field of theosophical work. For those
who could look deeply into occult connections, and particularly into
the connection of the world with the Christ-Impulse, what they saw
was over-shadowed for this reason. But within the whole horizon of
Christian philosophy and Christian life, something like theosophical
endeavours arose continually. This striving towards Theosophy was
active everywhere, even in the outward, exoteric paths of men who
could go no further than sharing externally in the life of some
congregation, Christian or otherwise.
How theosophical
endeavours penetrated Christian endeavours is shown by figures such
as Bengel and Oetinger, who worked in Württemberg, men who in
their whole way of thinking — if we remember that they lacked
the idea of reincarnation — reached all that man can reach of
higher views concerning evolution, in so far as they had made the
Christ-Impulse their own. The ground-roots of theosophical life have
always existed. Hence there is much that is correct in a treatise on
theosophical subjects written by Oetinger in the eighteenth century.
In the preface to a book on Oetinger's work, published in 1847,
Rothe, who taught in Heidelberg University, wrote:
What Theosophy
really wants is often difficult to recognise in the case of the older
theosophists ... but it is none the less clear that Theosophy, as
far as it has gone today, can claim no scientific status and
therefore cannot extend its influence more widely. It would be very
hasty to conclude that Theosophy is only an ephemeral phenomenon, and
entirely unjustifiable from a scientific standpoint. History already
testifies loudly enough to the contrary. It tells us how this
enigmatic phenomenon has never been able to accomplish anything, and
yet, unnoticed, it is continually breaking through afresh, held
together in its most varied forms by the chain of a never-dying
tradition.
Now we must remember
that the man who wrote this learnt about Theosophy only in the
forties of the nineteenth century, as it had come over from many
theosophists of the eighteenth. What came over was certainly not
clothed in the forms of our scientific thought. It was therefore
difficult to believe that the Theosophy of that time could affect
wider circles. Apart from this, such a voice, coming to us out of the
forties of the nineteenth century, must appear significant when it
says:
The main thing is
that once Theosophy has become a real science, and has thus clearly
yielded definite results, these will gradually become matters of
general and even popular conviction, and will be regarded as accepted
truths by people who could not follow the paths by which they were
discovered and by which alone they could be discovered.
After this,
certainly, comes a pessimistic paragraph with which, in its bearing
on Theosophy, we cannot now agree. For anyone familiar with the
present form of spiritual-scientific endeavours will be convinced
that this Theosophy, in the form in which it desires to work, can
become popular in the widest circles. Even such a paragraph may
therefore inspire us with courage when we read further:
Still, this rests in
the lap of the future, and there we will not encroach: for the
present we will gratefully rejoice in what our valued Oetinger has so
beautifully set forth, and which may certainly count upon a
sympathetic reception in a wide circle.
Thus we see that
Theosophy was a pious hope of those who came to know something of the
old Theosophy that was handed down from the eighteenth century.
After that time the
stream of theosophical life was buried under the materialistic trends
of the nineteenth century. Only through what we may now accept as the
dawn of a new age do we again approach the true spiritual life, and
now in a form which can be so scientific that in principle every
heart and every soul can understand it. During the nineteenth century
there was a complete loss of understanding for something that the
theosophists of the eighteenth century still fully possessed; they
called it Zentralsinn (inner light). Oetinger, who worked in
Murrhard, near Karlsruhe, was for a time the pupil of a quite simple
man in Thuringia, named Voelker, whose pupils knew that he possessed
what was called ‘inner light’. What in those days was
this ‘inner light’? It was none other than that which now
arises in every man when earnestly and with iron energy he works
through the content of my book,
Knowledge of the Higher Worlds.
It was fundamentally nothing else that this simple man of Thuringia
possessed. What he brought into existence — for his time a very
interesting Theosophy — was the teaching which influenced
Oetinger. It is difficult for a man of the present day to reconcile
himself to the knowledge that a deepening of Theosophy occurred so
recently, and gave rise to a rich literature, buried though this is
in libraries and among antiquarians.
Something else is
equally difficult for a man of today: to accept the Christ-Event as
first of all an objective fact. How much discussion of this matter
there was in the nineteenth century! It is impossible in a short
course to indicate even in outline how many and diverse are the views
of the nineteenth century concerning Christ Jesus. And anyone who
takes the trouble to inquire further into opinions concerning Christ
Jesus, whether those of theologians or of laymen, will encounter some
very real difficulties, if the views of the nineteenth century on
this question are considered in relation to the times in which better
traditions still prevailed. In the nineteenth century it even became
possible for persons to be regarded as great theologians when they
were far removed from any acceptance of an objective Christ who
entered into and worked in the history of the world. And here we come
to the question: What relationship to the Christ can be found by an
individual who takes no esoteric path, but remains entirely in the
field of the exoteric?
So long as we keep
to the standpoint of those nineteenth-century theologians who held
that human evolution can take its course purely in the inner being of
man, and has nothing to do with the external world of the Macrocosm,
we cannot reach an objective appreciation of Christ Jesus; we come to
all kinds of grotesque ideas, but never to a relationship with the
Christ-Event. For anyone who believes that he can reach the highest
human ideal compatible with Earth-evolution merely by an inner
soul-path, through a kind of self-redemption, a relationship with the
objective Christ is impossible. We may also say that wherever the
redemption of man is thought of as a matter for psychology to deal
with, there is no relationship to the Christ. Anyone who penetrates
further into cosmic mysteries soon finds that when a man believes
that he can attain his highest ideal of Earth-existence solely
through himself, only through his own inner development, he cuts off
altogether his connection with the Macrocosm. Such a person believes
that he has the Macrocosm before him as a kind of Nature, and that
his inner soul-development, side by side with the Macrocosm, is
something running parallel with it. But a connection between the two
he cannot find. This is just what is so terribly grotesque in the
evolution of the nineteenth century. The connection that should exist
between Microcosm and Macrocosm, has been torn asunder. If this had
not happened, we should not have seen all those misunderstandings
that have arisen over the terms ‘theoretical materialism’
on the one hand and ‘abstract idealism’ on the other.
Just consider — the sundering of Microcosm and Macrocosm has
led men who care little for the inner life of the soul to assign it,
as well as the external life of the body, to the Macrocosm, thus
making everything subject to material processes. Others, aware that
there is nevertheless an inner life, have fallen gradually into
abstractions concerning everything of significance to the human soul.
To be clear
regarding this difficult matter, let us recall something very
significant that was learnt in the Mysteries. How many people today
believe in their innermost consciousness: ‘If I think something
— for instance, if I entertain a bad thought about my neighbour
— it has no significance for the outer world; the thought is
only in myself. It has a quite different significance if I give him a
box on the ears. This is something that happens on the physical
plane; the other is a mere feeling or a mere thought.’ Or
again, how many people there are who, when they fall into a sin or a
lie or an error, say: ‘This is something that happens in the
human soul.’ And, by contrast, if a stone falls from the roof:
‘This is something that takes place externally.’ And they
will readily explain, using crude sense-concepts, that when a stone
falls, perhaps accidentally, into water, it sets up ripples which
spread out far and wide, so that everything produces effects which
continue unobserved; but anything that has occurred in the soul is
shut off from the world outside. People could therefore come to
believe that to sin, to err, and then to put it right again, is
entirely a concern of the individual soul. To anyone with an outlook
of this kind, something many of us have witnessed in the last two
years must seem grotesque.
Let me recall to you
the scene in the Rosicrucian drama,
The Portal of Initiation,
where Capesius and Strader enter the astral world, and it is shown
that what they think, speak, and feel is not without significance for
the objective world, the Macrocosm, but actually releases storms in
the elements. For modern man it is absurd to suppose that destructive
forces can strike at the Macrocosm through somebody having had wrong
thoughts. In the Mysteries it was made very clear to the pupil that
when, for example anyone tells a lie or falls into error, this is a
real process which does not concern himself only. The Germans say
‘Thoughts are duty free’, because they see no Customs
barrier when the thoughts arise. Thoughts belong to the objective
world; they are not merely experiences of the soul. The pupil of the
Mystery saw: ‘When you tell a lie, it signifies in the
super-sensible world the darkening of a certain light; when you
perpetrate a loveless action, something in the spiritual world is
burnt up in the fire of lovelessness; with errors you extinguish
light in the Macrocosm.’ The effect was shown to the pupil
through objective experience: how, through an error, something is
extinguished on the astral plane, and darkness follows; or how
through a loveless action something acts like a burning and
destroying fire.
In exoteric life man
does not know what is going on around him. He is like an ostrich with
its head in the sand; he does not see effects which nevertheless are
there. The effects of feeling are there, and they would be visible to
super-sensible sight if the man were led into the Mysteries. It was
not until the nineteenth century that anyone could say: ‘Everything
in which a man has sinned, everything in which he is weak, is his
personal affair only. Redemption must come about through an
experience in the soul, and so Christ also can be only an experience
in the soul.’ What is necessary, in order that man may not only
find his way to Christ, but that he may not sunder his connection
with the Macrocosm, is the knowledge: ‘If you incur error and
sin, these are objective, not subjective events, and because of them
something happens outside in the Cosmos.’ And in the moment
when a man becomes conscious that with his sin, with his error,
something objective happens; when he knows that what he has done,
what he has given out from himself, is not connected merely with
himself but with the whole objective course of cosmic development,
then he will no longer be able to say to himself that compensation
for what he has brought about is only an inner concern of the soul.
There is indeed a good and significant possibility that a man who
sees that thoughts and feelings are objective may also see that what
has brought and brings people into mistakes through successive
earth-lives is not an inward affair related to a single life, but is
the consequence of karma.
Now an event which
was outside history and outside human responsibility, as was the
Luciferic influence in the old Lemurian period, could not possibly be
expunged from the world by a human event. Through the Luciferic event
man gained a great benefit: he became a free being. But he also
incurred a liability: the propensity to deviate from the path of the
good and the right, and from the path of the true. What has happened
in the course of incarnations is a matter of karma. But all that has
crept down from the Macrocosm into the Microcosm, all that the
Luciferic forces have given to man, is something that man cannot deal
with by himself. To compensate for the objective Luciferic event,
another objective act was needed. In short, man must feel that what
he incurs as error and sin is not merely subjective, and that an
experience in the soul which is merely subjective is not sufficient
to bring about Redemption.
Anyone who is
convinced of the objectivity of error will thus understand also the
objectivity of the act of Redemption. One cannot by any means treat
the Luciferic influence as an objective act without treating in the
same manner the compensating act, the Event of Golgotha. A
theosophist can only choose between two things. Everything may be set
on the foundation of karma; of course that is quite right as regards
everything that man himself has brought about. But then we come to
the necessity of stretching out the repeated lives forward and
backward as far as we like, with no end to it in either direction. It
always goes round and round like a wheel. The other thing — the
alternative choice — is the concrete idea of evolution we must
hold: that there was a Saturn, a Sun, and a Moon existence which were
quite different from the Earth existence; that in the Earth existence
the kind of repeated earth-life as we know it first occurred; that
the Luciferic event was a single unrepeated event — all this
alone gives real content to our theosophical outlook. All this,
however, is inconceivable without the objectivity of the Event of
Golgotha.
In pre-Christian
times men were — as you know — different in various ways.
One particular difference was that when they came down from spiritual
worlds into earthly incarnations they brought with them, as
substance, some of the Divine element. For this reason, when a man
reflected on his own weakness, he always felt that the best part of
him had originated in the Divine sphere from which he had descended.
But the Divine element gradually became exhausted in the course of
further incarnations, and it was quite exhausted when the Events of
Palestine drew near. The last after-effects of it continued to be
felt, but none of it was left when John the Baptist declared: ‘Change
your conception of the world, for the times have changed. Now you
will no longer be able to rise up into the spiritual as in the past,
for the vision that could see into the old spirituality is lost.
Change your thinking, and accept the Divine Being who is to give anew
to men what they have had to lose through their descent to earth!’
Consequently — you may deny this if you think in the abstract,
but not if you look at history in concrete terms — the feelings
and perceptions of men changed altogether at the turning-point of the
old and new epochs, a point marked by the Events of Palestine.
After these events,
men began to feel forsaken. They felt forsaken when they approached
the hardest questions, those which concerned most directly the
innermost part of the soul; when, for example, they asked themselves:
‘What will become of me when I go through the gate of death
with a number of deeds that have not been made good?’ Then
there came to meet them a thought which certainly might be born from
the longing of the soul, but could be allayed only when the soul
could say to itself: ‘Yes, a Being has lived who entered into
the evolution of mankind and to whom you can hold fast. He is working
in the outer Cosmos, where you cannot go. He is working to bring
about compensation for your deeds. He will help you to make good the
evil results of the Luciferic influence!’ Through this feeling
oneself forsaken, and then feeling oneself rescued by an objective
power, there enters into humanity an intuitive feeling that sin is a
real power, an objective fact, and that the Act of Redemption is also
objective, an act that cannot be accomplished by an individual, for
he has not invoked the Luciferic influence, but only by One who works
in the worlds where Lucifer is consciously active.
All that I have thus
set before you, in words drawn from Spiritual Science, was not
grasped intellectually, as knowledge. It resided in feelings and
intuitive perceptions, and from this source came the need to turn to
Christ. For those who felt this need there was of course the
possibility of finding in Christian communities ways by which they
could deepen all such perceptions and feelings.
After man had lost
his primal connection with the Gods, what did he find when he looked
out at the material world? Through his descent into the material
realm, his perception of the spiritual, of the physical manifestation
of the Divine in the cosmos, steadily declined. The remnants of the
old clairvoyance faded by degrees, and nature, for him, was in a
certain sense deprived of the Divine. A merely material world was
spread out before him. And in face of this material universe he could
in no way maintain a belief that the Christ-Principle was at work
there. The nineteenth-century Kant-Laplace theory, whereby our solar
system developed out of a cosmic nebula, and eventually life arose on
individual planets, has led finally to the universe being regarded as
a collaboration of atoms. If we try to think of Christ in this
setting, as conceived by materialistic scientists, it makes no sense.
There is no place for the Christ-Being in this cosmogony, no place
for anything spiritual. You remember someone saying — I read
you the passage — that he would have to tear up his whole
conception of the universe if he had to believe in the Resurrection.
This shows that in contemplating Nature, or in thinking about Nature,
all possibility of penetrating into the living essence of natural
facts has disappeared.
When I speak like
this, it is not by way of disapproval. The time had to come when
Nature would be deprived of the Divine, deprived of the Spirit, so
that man could formulate the totality of abstract thoughts required
to comprehend external nature, as the outlook of Copernicus, Kepler
and Galileo enabled him to do. The web of thoughts which has led to
our age of machinery had to take hold of humanity. On the other hand,
it was necessary that this age should have a compensation for the
fact that it had become impossible in exoteric life to find a direct
path from the Earth to the spiritual. For if man had been able to
find this path, he would have been able to find the path to Christ,
as he will find it in the coming centuries. There had to be a
compensation.
The question now is:
What had become necessary as an exoteric path for man to Christ
during the centuries in which an atomistic conception of the universe
became gradually accepted, a conception which alienated Nature more
and more from the Divine and in the nineteenth century grew into the
study of nature deprived of the Divine?
A two-fold remedy
was required. A spiritual vision of the Christ could be found
exoterically in two ways. One way was to show that all matter is
completely foreign to man's inner spiritual being. He could be
shown that it is untrue to say that everywhere in space where matter
appears, only matter is present. How could this come about? In no
other way than by something being given to man which is at one and
the same time spirit and matter; something which he knows is spirit
and yet sees to be matter. Therefore the transformation, the
eternally valid transformation, of spirit into matter, of matter into
spirit, had to continue as a vital fact. And this came to pass
because the Holy Communion has been celebrated, has been maintained
through the centuries as a Christian ritual. And the further we go
back in the centuries towards the institution of the Holy Communion,
the more can we trace how in the older times, not yet so
materialistic, it was better understood.
In regard to higher
things, when people begin to discuss something, it is a proof, as a
rule, that they no longer understand it. Even simple matters, as long
as they are understood, are not much discussed. Discussions are a
proof that the point at issue is not understood by a majority of the
people involved. Thus it was with the Holy Communion. As long as it
was known that the Holy Communion furnished a living proof that
matter is not merely matter, but that there are ceremonial acts
through which the spirit can be united with matter — as long as
people knew that this interpenetration of matter with spirit, as it
finds expression in the Holy Communion, is a union with the Being of
Christ, so long was the Holy Communion accepted without argument. But
then came the time when Materialism arose, when people no longer
understood what lies at the foundation of the Holy Communion. Then
they disputed whether the bread and wine are merely symbols of the
Divine, or whether Divine power actually flows into them. For anyone
who can see more deeply, all the disputes which arose on this account
at the beginning of the new epoch signify that the original
understanding of the ritual had been lost. For those who desired to
come to Christ, the Holy Communion was a complete equivalent of the
esoteric path, if they could not take that path, and thus in the Holy
Communion they could find a real union with Christ. For all things
have their time. Certainly, just as it is true in regard to the
spiritual life that a quite new age is dawning, so is it true that
the way to Christ which for centuries was the right one for many
people will remain for centuries more the right one for many. Things
pass over gradually into one another, and what was formerly right
will gradually pass over into something else when people are ready
for it.
The aim of Theosophy
is to work in such a way that we shall grasp in the spirit itself
something concrete, something real. By means of meditation,
concentration and all that we learn as the knowledge of higher
worlds, men become ripe in their inner being not merely to experience
thought-worlds, or worlds of abstract feelings and perceptions, but
to permeate themselves inwardly with the element of the Spirit;
thereby they will experience the Communion in the Spirit; thereby
thoughts, meditative thoughts, will be able to live in man; they will
even be the very same, only from within outwards, as the symbol of
the Holy Communion, the consecrated Bread, has been from without
inwards. And as the undeveloped Christian can seek his way to Christ
through the Holy Communion, so the developed Christian who, through
progressive knowledge of the Spirit has learnt to know the Form of
the Christ, can raise himself in spirit to what will indeed be in the
future an exoteric path for men. That will be the force which is to
bring to men a widening of the Christ-Impulse. But then all
ceremonies will change, and that which formerly came to pass through
the attributes of bread and wine will come about in the future
through a spiritual Communion. The thought of the Sacrament, the Holy
Communion, will remain. Only it must be made possible that certain
thoughts which flow to us through what is imparted within our
Movement, certain inner thoughts and feelings, shall permeate and
spiritualise our inner being — thoughts and feelings as fully
consecrated as in the best sense of inner Christian development the
Holy Communion has spiritualised the human soul and filled it with
the Christ.
When this becomes
possible — and it will be possible — we shall have
progressed a stage further in evolution. And then we shall see the
real proof that Christianity is greater than its external form. For a
poor opinion of Christianity is held by anyone who thinks it will be
obliterated when the external forms of the Christianity of a certain
period are swept away. A true opinion will be permeated with the
conviction that all Churches which have cherished the Christ-Thought,
all external thoughts, all external forms, are temporal and therefore
transitory, while the Christ-Thought will live in ever-new forms in
the hearts and souls of men in the future, little as these new forms
are evident today. Thus we are first taught by Spiritual Science how,
along one exoteric path, the Holy Communion had its significance in
earlier times.
The other exoteric
path was through the Gospels. And here again we must realise what in
earlier times the Gospels still were for men. It is not very long
since the Gospels were not read as they were in the nineteenth
century. In those days they were read as a life-giving fountain
whence something substantial passed over into the soul. They were not
read in the way described in the first lecture of this course, when
we were speaking of a false path, but so that a person saw
approaching from outside something for which his soul was panting
with thirst; they were so read that his soul found pictured therein
the real Redeemer, of whom the soul knew that He must be there, in
the wide universe.
Those who understood
how to read the Gospels in this way never thought of asking the
endless questions which first became questions for the intelligent,
clever people of the nineteenth century. You need only recall how
many times in speaking of these questions, in one form or another, we
have had to say that for quite clever people, who have all science
and learning at their finger tips, the thought of Christ Jesus and
the Events of Palestine are truly not compatible with the modern
conception of the universe. In an apparently enlightened way they say
that when men were not aware that the earth is a quite small heavenly
body, they could believe that with the Cross of Golgotha a special
new event took place on earth. But since Copernicus taught that the
earth is a planet like others, can one still believe that Christ came
to us from another planet? Why should we believe that the earth is so
exceptionally situated as was formerly thought? A simile is then
brought in: ‘Since our conception of the universe has been so
much enlarged, it seems as though one of the most important artistic
presentations had taken place, not on the great stage of a capital
city, but on the small stage of some provincial theatre.’ So
that is how it looks to these people: the earth is such an
insignificant little cosmic body that the Events of Palestine appear
like the performance of a great cosmic drama on the stage of a small
provincial theatre. We can no longer imagine such a thing, because
the earth is so small in comparison with the great universe!
It seems so clever
when something like that is said, but after all there is not much
cleverness in it, for Christianity never asserted what is here
apparently contradicted. Christianity has never placed the beginning
of the Christ-Impulse in the magnificent places of the earth. It has
always seen a certain deep seriousness in the fact that the bearer of
the Christ was born in a stable among poor shepherds. Not only the
little earth, but a very obscure place on earth, was sought out in
Christian tradition to place the Christ therein. Christianity from
the very first answered the questions of the clever people. But they
have not understood the answers which Christianity itself has given,
because they could no longer let the living force of the great
majestic pictures work upon the soul.
Nevertheless,
through the Gospel pictures alone, without the Holy Communion and all
that is connected with it — for the Holy Communion stands at
the centre of all Christian cults — an exoteric path to Christ
could not have been found. For the Gospels could not then have been
widely enough popularised for a finding of the way to Christ to
depend on them alone. And when the Gospels were popularised, we can
see that it was not an unmixed blessing. For at the same time arose
the great misunderstanding of the Gospels: they were taken
superficially, and then all that the nineteenth century made of them
came about; and indeed — speaking quite objectively — it
was bad enough. I think anthroposophists will understand what is
meant here by ‘bad enough’. No censure is intended, for
we cannot but acknowledge the diligence which the nineteenth century
brought to the task of scientific investigation, including all the
work in natural science. The tragedy is that this very science —
and anyone familiar with it will grant this — owing to its deep
seriousness and its tremendous, devoted industry, which one can only
admire, has led to a complete splitting up and destruction of what it
wished to teach. When in the future course of evolution people look
back at our time, they will feel it to be particularly tragic that
men sought to conquer the Bible by means of a science worthy of
endless admiration — and succeeded only in losing the Bible.
Thus we can see that
as regards these two aspects of the exoteric we are living in a
transitional period, and in so far as we have grasped the spirit of
Theosophy, the old paths must lead over into others. And having now
considered the exoteric paths of the past to the Christ-Impulse, we
shall see tomorrow how this relationship to Christ takes form in the
realm of the esoteric. We will then conclude our study by showing how
we can come to grasp the Christ-Event not only for the whole
evolution of humanity, but for each individual man. We shall be able
to review the esoteric path more briefly, because we have assembled
building-stones for it during past years. We will crown our
endeavours by fixing our gaze upon the relationship of the
Christ-Impulse to every individual human soul.
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