AN INTRODUCTION TO THE REFLECTIONS OF
RUDOLF STEINER ON THE GOSPEL OF ST. JOHN
By MARIE STEINER
With this
book we penetrate into the innermost
structure of Rudolf Steiner's activities. For all of his
endeavour had this one goal: — to pave for the world
the way to the Christ. The Christ was lost for us during the
period of rationalism and materialism. The churches yawned in
desolate emptiness, and if one did not sit within them as an
unmoved, childlike human being there was vacuity or
contradiction in head and heart. What came from the lips of
the exponent of Christian teaching did not bear the stamp of
truth and conviction. Its effect was often hollow, puffed up,
or sometimes mechanistic, at best stultifying. The church
became conventional, a matter of form, accepting a compromise
with science without being able to offset it with something
truly effective. Gradually it was forced to withdraw its
requirements of faith, because it could not present to the
doubter enough that was factual to be able to change belief
into sure conviction and knowledge. Candidates for
confirmation had already been forced to withdraw their
questions before the uncertainty and obvious side-stepping of
the truth on the part of the revered pastor. Children who had
left school found themselves standing before a spiritual void
and felt the foundations of their souls give way beneath
them. The Roman Catholic church frightened the Protestants
away by its enslavement of freedom, and by the hollow
mutterings of the celebrants of the churchly rites whose
whole behaviour was often a mockery of what they were
intended to represent. And yet, the forms gave evidence of
something that had been lost. But where was it to be sought?
Certainly not in the direction of modern science, for this
had decreed limits to knowledge and functioned like the skull
of a skeleton, hollow-eyed, severed from the trunk. Coherent
life, the formative lines and the accomplishment were
lacking. One could indeed become enthusiastic over the
artistry of the individual parts, but the whole lacked hands
and feet. It was only a fragment. The great cosmic tortoise
of the Brahmanical religion, bearer of the earthly disc,
produced in its imaginative force more pleasing effects. Men
felt themselves surrounded by the rushing sound of the
surging universal ether; they knew that there was something
quite different from what is expressed in that cosmic image,
something more than an automatically active mechanism, which
out of itself sets the earth-wheel in motion — to
which, by degrees, a meaning is given by equally
automatically-created human beings — only to fall again
into insensibility.
Something
substantial was wafted over the world out
of these ancient religions. If their path is followed, an
ascent can be observed from a stifled and benumbed
consciousness to ever lighter spheres of thought. Great
cultures arose out of these religions; mighty imaginations
passed from them over into the present time. Art and science
developed within them, leaving sublime monuments behind. Here
was a thread to follow which was a spiritual necessity. This
thread was lost again and again in a mysterious obscurity. It
led down through the temple places before which stood warning
guardians who propounded questions and those who failed to
answer suffered death. These were enigmatical words which
finally culminated with the warning: “Know thou
thyself!” This path had again to be discovered and
illumined. But how to find it?
From the
silent temples, whose doors were closed,
traces of these teachings had escaped into the outer world.
Their meaning became manifest in ever more powerfully
developing civilizations which comprised increasingly larger
and larger groups of human beings until at last the
individual man emerged as a personality. No longer on the one
side the God-inspired leader and teacher or sovereign, and on
the other the dull people — but the separate human
being, the personality who through his especial
qualifications had become an individual. This occurred most
gloriously in Greece where God and man approached one
another. The super-sensible was blended with the sensible in
art. The individual personality had become mature. The
Mysteries, however, withdrew, veiled themselves more deeply
and their meaning, which formerly was wrapped in secrecy, and
therefore secure and untouched by doubt, became hidden.
Human thought
began to take its own course. Schools
of Philosophy arose. Doubters and sceptics spread abroad and
thus caused the gradual disappearance of the greatness of
that people which had projected from itself the independent
personality. It lost its own value, its firm anchor and
waited for the “unknown God.”
But the
unknown God was He who, through His
sacrifice, allowed the human personality to develop beyond
itself in order that it might find its way back to its
origin, with a waking consciousness acquired entirely by
effort, after a passage rich in knowledge through the
phenomenal world of the senses. Thus there was added to the
original forces a newly acquired element, lifted out of deep
material density.
And this
path was prepared in deep racial seclusion
within that folk which developed parallel with Hellenism, and
which had the mission of bringing to mankind, in flesh and in
truth, the one God, the Ego-God.
After the
enslavement and degeneration of the Greek
peoples, which followed closely upon the expeditions of
Alexander, when the Roman she-wolf in Caesardom celebrated
her orgies elevating Caesar, seized by mad ambition, to
Godhood, building altars to him, and forcing her subjects to
worship him, something occurred in the seclusion of a distant
people which, through its impulse, rescued mankind, saved
humanity from brutalization, namely, the sacrificial act of
Golgotha. It shattered the might of the Roman she-wolf, that
symbol of the life of instinct and force. Rome sank beneath
it. New peoples overran the degenerate empire. A new
folk-substance absorbed what later led to a new
soul-configuration for mankind.
But the
spiritually new became interspersed with
the concretions from what had exhausted itself as a realm of
power in the Roman Empire. This imbued the new, tender,
spiritual estate with the essence of might and passion which
had taken possession of the forms ultimately prevailing
there. These forms were, to a great extent, taken over
together with the already decadent spirit which had permeated
them and the germ of disintegration which should have been
overcome, but was not.
The phases
of this struggle between the new and the
remains of the ancient spirituality which had been taken over
form the history of the Middle Ages and of the New Age. These
can be traced in the development of the church, in the secret
brotherhoods, in the orders of the Monks and Knights, in the
so-called heretical confraternities, in the humanistic
stream, in the Reformation.
Then came
the new natural philosophy, natural
science, the mechanistic interpretations of the universe, the
limits to knowledge, Ignorabimus. In philosophy, a barren
subjectivity, a severance from the whole of the cosmos, a
subjective idea of the individual — the whole rich
phenomenal world; a psychology without knowledge of the soul
and spirit, yes, even denying them. Here matter became the
point of departure for researches into soul and spirit.
Matter was
victorious in all directions and a
spiritual chaos began which reached its climax in our own
time, drawing mankind into its vortex until that world
catastrophe was reached within the effect of which we are
still living. We have reached this point in human history and
our enlightened minds are prophesying the downfall of the
Occident.
In this
world of encompassing darkness, there
shines a source of light. It has been revealed to us by a man
who towered immeasurably above his time. This source pours
light upon that event which occurred in human evolution for
mankind's salvation at a time when the Roman delirium was
casting the world into chains. It brings us what we need in
order that the central point of human and earthly happenings
may again be understood, that belief may be changed into
knowledge, unbelief into understanding. It is active among us
since the beginning of this dark century with those forces
which are able to transform our darkness into spiritual
light.
This source
of light revealed itself to those of us
who were seeking the path to the lost mysteries. An Initiate
was present who could be the guide. He led us, urging us on
without ceasing, first with reserve, then in wisdom and
insight as the need of the time demanded. We had not grown up
to what we received, but we listened, collected and wrote it
down, knowing that a time would come when we should have to
hand on to others what had been so bounteously given to us, a
time which would make grateful acknowledgment to us for it.
It is this that a humanity, matured in sorrow and affliction,
needs for its salvation and its advancement. The moment has
come for us to fulfill this task, therefore we must no longer
hold back.
Rudolf Steiner
has again paved the way to the
Christ for the world. He laid his hand on the wheel of human
evolution which was rushing along into the abyss and checked
it. He alone resisted the forces of descent, pulled back the
wheel with a strong hand and guided it again toward the slow
ascent. It was slow, for the band that surrounded him was
small and the greatness of what he had to give fairly
overwhelmed it. If the humanity of our day had had organs
sufficiently capable of receiving what he gave, a new era
would have dawned with infinite, impelling force and
sun-soaring eagle flight. But what was capable of awakening
the slumbering human organs had to occur gradually through
hard labour. Through uninterrupted effort, collecting stone
by stone, Rudolf Steiner built the foundation for an
understanding of the facts about the world and humanity which
became continually more subtle, for the construction of
concepts of ever increasing fineness. Never in a public
lecture did he shrink back from building this foundation
anew. Then gradually, where he had his constantly returning
audience, he proceeded a step further on the path which leads
to healthy, spiritual knowledge. Never did he permit himself
to toss off anything that had any semblance of the
sensational; never did he wish to overpower a human soul.
Each lecture was something that sprang up organically, that
sank its roots deep in the soil, drawing up the forces of the
earth, dipping down into the colour-shimmer of the surging
ether-worlds, into the quickening spirituality, but
permitting the luminous corolla of the resulting new concepts
to emerge through inner necessity from the well-constructed
conceptual organism. A growing, creative, active force
— each thought-structure — and a living work of
art! One stood amazed before the perfection of this
thought-structure, but one remained free in relation to it
astonished at the immensity and beauty of what thus arose
before the inner eye with a luminous necessity.
Then about
the turn of the century there came
considerable chaotic activity rustling and bustling upon our
materialistic culture, ghostly tappings out of the border
lands of the spiritual world. It took courage, endless
courage and karmic necessity to bring order into all this
disorder and thereby call odium upon himself; to face the
accusation that he was anachronistically immersed in
neo-oriental streams.
But destiny
stood challenging at the threshold of
the 20th century, demanding the most vigorous action, namely,
the conquest of the dragon of materialism which held our
world firmly encircled, threatening to crush it in its
embrace. The very structure of the earth, believed to be so
solid, soon shook, as the world and civil wars gave eloquent
and gruesome evidence.
Alongside,
in helpful goodness, with his
deep-seeing glance, stood the bearer of the spirit who seemed
to have gathered all the riddles of earthly difficulties and
of earthly suffering and to have reflected back in quiet
restfulness all the splendour of the spiritual world. He knew
that he had to illuminate and make this earthly darkness glow
with Golden Wisdom, until a heightened consciousness had
awakened within mankind. The task was fulfilled. Golden
Wisdom, drawn down from the Christ-SpiritSun and given to us,
is present here acting among many. It penetrates our earth
and its heavy, dense, materialistic world of thought.
By drawing
down super-sensible knowledge and
perceptions into our world of concepts and thoughts, by
transforming them into thought-forms which were able to
energize our conscious activity, through this fine alchemy, a
new soul-substance has been created which can have a
vitalizing effect upon our deadened spiritual organs. The
force for this revitalization streams out of the Mystery of
Golgotha, but there must be a human activity springing up to
meet it, understanding how to open itself up to it. In order
that this might occur, Rudolf Steiner was active among us.
All that he did, wrote, thought, served this one purpose to
make our conceptual and sentient world so alive that it might
open itself up again, with strength, to the Christ and thus
activate our life of will, so that it might actually join
itself with Him.
An immense
life-work lies before us dedicated to
this one goal which is a comprehension, a synthesis of those
other aims, namely, the reunion and reciprocal penetration of
the three realms of science, art, and religion, formerly
working in harmony, now divided; the comprehension of the
spiritual meaning concealed in the ideals of liberty,
equality, and fraternity; the awakening of the human ego to a
full consciousness of itself and its cosmic membership. All
these aims are to be attained only through the strengthening
of the human being with the Christ-Impulse.
The whole
of cosmic wisdom must be called into play
in order to understand this greatest of all mysteries. The
other mysteries were a preparation for this, and Rudolf
Steiner led us gradually and steadily into their essence and
meaning. They had all pointed to what took place on Golgotha.
Step by step he brought us nearer to this understanding.
Cosmogony, theogony, geography, knowledge of man and science,
already flowering in the thought-life of mankind, supplied
building stones.
But there
are critics of various kinds who announce
what fits into their party program. There are also those
among them, men of prominence, who boldly affirm, because it
suits them to do so, that although there is much to be
recognized in Rudolf Steiner's genius, still one must turn
away from him because he rejects the Christ. But those who
took the trouble to study Rudolf Steiner's work before
commenting upon it found it otherwise. They soon saw how it
could become helpful to them.
A number
of theologians came to Rudolf Steiner and
said to him: Our churches are deserted; our seminars do not
give us what we can hand on to hungry souls as the bread of
life! You alone have the power to help us. Will you give us
something that will make it possible for us to help others
inside our parish activities? Otherwise, we must renounce the
vocation of priesthood. And Rudolf Steiner gave them what
they requested, that is, he gave them the key to the gospels,
the living Christ, the Word that leads to the rite of
Consecration.
He said
to them: You have asked me for something
that you can give to those who are not yet strong enough to
achieve spiritual science and spiritual communion through
their own efforts. You wish to guide them on the path to the
sources of that knowledge which awakens men, makes them free
and fully conscious in accordance with the demands of the
time. You may help in the work in this way if your activity
does not become self-interest; if your thought for the church
does not prevail over that for the spirit; if the path of the
ministry gradually leads to a strengthening of the human ego
so that it may in freedom and awareness unite itself with the
divine world and the heart of Christ that shines in the sun
and pulses through the earth. You have wished it and have
promised it; act accordingly, and remain true to your
words.
They went
away and founded the
Fellowship for a Christian Regeneration
for the salvation of many souls. In this fellowship knowledge
of the Gospels, to which Rudolf Steiner gave the key, is
earnestly pursued.
He had
begun with this even in the earliest years
of his activities in Spiritual Science by always introducing
into his lectures something that led us to the Tree of the
Cross and to its meaning as the Tree of Life. At that time
his listeners came to him and requested a connected cycle of
lectures on the Gospel of St. John. It was granted them.
These lectures from the year I9o8 we possess in an
unfortunately quite incomplete copy. They have been so often
asked for and copies have been made in so many places, that
we do not wish to withhold them any longer because of their
incompleteness. The subject matter will triumph over the
incomplete renderings. A breath from the world out of which
they have their source still hovers over them. Mankind needs
it and needs this subject matter.
The
publication of the lectures concerning the
other gospels will soon follow this Gospel of St. John. When
this introduction into the esoteric gospel was given to us at
Whitsuntide, 1908, in Hamburg, — after a similar cycle
had for the first time been given in Basel — something
like a Pentecostal fire and the wafting of a Galilean
springtime passed through our souls. Whitsuntide again
approaches, accompanying the appearance of this book. May
this be a favorable omen for the book.
Whitsuntide
is the festival of the Holy Spirit
which is active within human hearts. May the Spirit which
rules in this book find its way to the souls of men who
thirst after truth and are of good will.
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