World History in the light of Anthroposophy

p. 7

our Christmas Gathering: See Die Weihnachtstagung zur Begründung der Allgemeinen Anthroposophischen Gesellschaft. Jahresausklang und Jahreswende 1923/24 by Rudolf Steiner, Collected Works, Dornach 1962.

p. 37

a course of lectures: See Occult History. Historical Personalities and Events in the Light of Spiritual Science by Rudolf Steiner, Anthroposophical Publishing Company, London, 1957.

p. 40

that historic document: The Epic of Gilgamesh was discovered in the ruins of a palace of Assurbanipal written in cuneiform characters on twelve tablets. This text is based on older Sumerian documents of which fragments remain. Erech: Called Erech in the Bible (1 Moses 10, 10), the city is named Uruk in the cuneiform text.

p. 41

Eabani: The cuneiform text has Enkidu or Engidu.

p. 46

Xisuthros: This is the Sumerian name Ziusudra used by Berossus, priest of Bel in Babylon, who wrote a history of Babylon and Chaldea in Greek around 280 B.C. based on the archives of the Temple in Babylon. In cuneiform script it is Utnapishtim.

p. 49

Mystery centre of Ephesus: Rudolf Steiner spoke in detail about this place in the 6th lecture of Mystery Knowledge and Mystery Centres, Rudolf Steiner Press, London, 1973.

p. 50

primeval conditions of the Earth: See the 5th lecture in Mystery Knowledge and Mystery Centres.

p. 52

Heraclitus: Heraclitus of Ephesus, Greek philosopher. He lived around 500 B.C. and deposited his chief work in the Temple of Artemis. See Christianity as Mystical Fact and the Mysteries of Antiquity by Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf Steiner Press, London, 1972.

p. 53

Aristotle: Greek philosopher from Stagira (384-322 B.C.). See The Riddles of Philosophy by Rudolf Steiner, Anthroposophic Press, New York, 1973. Alexander the Great: (356-323 B.C.). From 336 King of Macedonia. Died in Babylon.

p. 56

Hibernian Mysteries: See the 8th and 9th lectures in Mystery Knowledge and Mystery Centres.

p. 65

The Song of Alexander: Composed about 1125 by the Franconian priest Lamprecht; the first German secular epic poem.

p. 85

Herodotus: Herodotus of Halicarnassos, the first Greek historian, lived in the fifth century B.C. Wrote history of the Persian Wars.

p. 88

the tyranny of Rome: Justinian, Byzantine Emperor from 527-565, son of a peasant, sent an edict to Athens in 529 forbidding the teaching of philosophy and law. Thereupon the last seven Athenian philosophers left the Roman Empire and emigrated to Persia.

p. 93

Julian the Apostate: Flavius Claudius Julianus, called the Apostate by the Christians, was Roman Emperor from 361-363.

p. 99

in recent lectures: See note to page 56.

p. 103

Jacob Boehme: (1575–1624), mystic. See Eleven European Mystics by Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf Steiner Publications, New York, 1971. Paracelsus: Theophrastus Paracelsus (1493–1541), physician. See Eleven European Mystics. Valentine Wiegel: (1533–1588), mystic. See Eleven European Mystics. Basil Valentine: Alchemist and Benedictine monk, lived from 1413 onwards in the Monastery of St. Peter in Erfurt. His writings were not discovered or printed till the beginning of the seventeenth century. See Eleven European Mystics.

pp. 104

and 105 gymnast, rhetorician, professor: Rudolf Steiner spoke in detail about this for instance in A Modern Art of Education by Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf Steiner Press, London, 1972 and Human Values in Education by Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf Steiner Press, London, 1971.